Isoflurane (Florane)

Category:

• General anesthetic

Description:

• Halogenated, inhalation anesthetic

Indications:

• General anesthesia

Contraindications:

• Malignant hyperthermia

Precautions:

• Pregnancy

• Used with amiodarone, can increase risk of developing atropine-resistant bradycardia and hypotension

• Prolongs life of ketamine

• Potentiates the effects of antihypertensive agents

• Decreases effectiveness of oxytocics

Adverse Reactions (Side Effects):

• CNS: delirium, headache

• OB: fetal abortion, fetal stillbirth, teratogenesis, neonatal respiratory depression, uterine relaxation

• GI: hepatitis, elevated hepatic enzymes, nausea, vomiting,

• CV: PVC’s

Dosage:

Solely for inhalation administration and should only be given by individuals trained in the administration of general anesthesia.  Dosage must be individualized.

Note: For general anesthesia induction, the isoflurane concentration should be increased slowly by 0.1%-0.25% and delivered via inhalation every few breaths

• General anesthesia induction: 

  • Adult: 

    • usual dose is 1.5%-3%

  • Child: 

    • dosage must be individually determined

• General anesthesia maintenance: 

  • Adult: 

    • 1%-3%

  • Child: 

    • dosage must be individually determined