Ketorolac Tromethamine (Toradol)

Category:

  • Analgesic

Description:

  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) analgesic

Indications:

  • Moderately severe acute pain requiring analgesia at an opioid level (usually in a post-operative setting)  

Contraindications:

  • Patients with active or history of peptic ulcer disease, gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation.

  • Patients with advanced renal impairment or at risk of renal failure due to volume depletion.

  • Labor and delivery.

  • Prophylactic analgesia or intraoperative analgesia.

  • Patients with suspected or confirmed cerebrovascular bleeding, hemorrhagic diathesis, incomplete hemostasis, and at high risk of bleeding.

  • Patients currently on aspirin or other NSAIDs.

  • Epidural or intrathecal injection.

  • Concomitant use with probenecid.  

Precautions:

  • Pregnancy Category C

  • Ketorolac therapy should not continue over a duration of 5 days.  After days, switch to another appropriate analgesic agent.

  • Ketorolac is an extremely potent NSAID and may experience cause potentially serious GI effects, including GI bleeding and ulceration, as well as kidney failure.

  • Avoid use with anticoagulants (warfarin) due to increased bleeding times and potential for GI bleeding and decreased platelet aggregation.

  • When administering as IV bolus, administer over a 15 second period.

  • When administering as IM bolus, give slowly and deeply into muscle tissue.

  • Analgesic effects begin in about 30 minutes and peak at 1-2 hours, with a duration of 2-6 hours.  

Adverse Reactions (Side Effects):

  • GI effects: nausea (12%), dyspepsia (11%), GI pain (13%), diarrhea (7%)

  • CNS effects: headache (17%), dizziness (7%), drowsiness (6%)

Dosage:

Administered as an oral tablet or injection (IM or IV)

May be used as a “one time” dose or as “prn” treatment

Single-Dose Treatment:

  • IM (patients <65 years old): 60mg, one dose

  • IM (patients >65 years old, with renal impairment or less than 50kg): 30mg, one dose

  • IV (patients <65 years old): 60mg, one dose

  • IV (patients >65 years old, with renal impairment or less than 50kg): 30mg, one dose

Multi-Dose Treatment:

  • IM or IV (patients <65 years old): 30mg q6h (not to exceed 120mg per day)

  • IM or IV (patients >65 years old, with renal impairment or less than 50kg): 15mg q6h (not to exceed 60mg per day)

Transition from IM/IV to oral:

  • Patients <65 years old: 2 tablets (20mg) first dose, followed by 1 tablet (10mg) q4-6h (not to exceed 40mg per day)

  • Patients >65 years old, with renal impairment or less than 50kg: 1 tablet (15mg) first dose, followed by 1 tablet (10mg) q4-6h (not to exceed 40mg per day)

 

Source: Operational Medicine 2001,  Health Care in Military Settings, NAVMED P-5139, May 1, 2001, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Department of the Navy, 2300 E Street NW, Washington, D.C., 20372-5300  


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